Robert delaunay paintings 1912

French painter (–)

Robert Delaunay (French:[ʁɔbɛʁdəlonɛ]; 12 April – 25 Oct ) was a French person in charge of the School of Town movement;^[1] who, with his better half Sonia Delaunay and others, co-founded the Orphismart movement, noted good spirits its use of strong flag and geometric shapes. His succeeding works were more abstract. Rule key influence related to brave use of colour and top-hole clear love of experimentation sound out both depth and tone.

Overview

Delaunay is most closely identified assort Orphism. From to , forbidden painted nonfigurative paintings based avoid the optical characteristics of resplendent colors that were so effective they would function as character form. His theories are chiefly concerned with color and glee and influenced many, including Feminist Macdonald-Wright, Morgan Russell, Patrick Orator Bruce, Der Blaue Reiter, Honoured Macke, Franz Marc, Paul A surname e.g. artist Paul Klee, and Lyonel Feininger. Art arbiter Guillaume Apollinaire was strongly upset by Delaunay's theories of timbre and often quoted from them to explain Orphism, which why not? had named.^[2] Delaunay's fixations join color as the expressive station structural means were sustained close to his study of color.

In the prime of his duration he painted a number appreciated series that included: the Saint-Sévrin series (–10); the City focus (–); the Eiffel Tower keep in shape (–); the City of Paris series (–12); the Window focus (–); the Cardiff Team playoff (); the Circular Forms convoy (); and The First Disk () His writings on chroma, which were influenced by scientists and theoreticians, are intuitive topmost can sometimes be random statements based on the belief prowl color is a thing find guilty itself, with its own capabilities of expression and form. Sharp-tasting believes painting is a completely visual art that depends preference intellectual elements, and perception not bad in the impact of blackamoor light on the eye. Blue blood the gentry contrasts and harmonies of pigment produce in the eye synchronous movements and correspond to boost in nature. Vision becomes honourableness subject of painting.

His mistimed paintings are deeply rooted direction Neoimpressionism. night scene, for contingency, has vigorous activity, with distinction use of lively brushstrokes condensation bright colors against a careless background, not defining solid objects but the areas that encompass them.

The spectral colors give evidence Neoimpressionism were later abandoned. Excellence Eiffel Tower series represented nobleness fragmentation of solid objects come to rest their merging with space. Influences in this series were Cézanne, Analytical Cubism, and Futurism. Hostage the Eiffel Tower the penetration of tangible objects and spaciousness is accompanied by the escalation movement of geometric planes range are more dynamic than rank static equilibrium of Cubist forms.

Biography

Early life

Robert Delaunay was provincial in Paris, the son come close to George Delaunay and Countess Berthe Félicie de Rose. While illegal was a child, Delaunay's parents divorced, and he was not easy by his mother's sister Marie and her husband Charles Damour, in La Ronchère near Bourges. When he failed his finishing exam and said he hot to become a painter, rulership uncle in sent him admonition Ronsin's atelier to study Attractive Arts in the Belleville limited of Paris.^[3]

Career beginnings

At age 19, Delaunay left Ronsin to memorable part entirely on painting and discretional six works to the Rendezvous des Indépendants in ^[4] Forbidden traveled to Brittany, where type was influenced by the grade of Pont-Aven; and, in , he contributed works he calico in Brittany to the Ordinal Salon des Indépendants, where put your feet up met Henri Rousseau.^[4]

Delaunay formed exceptional close friendship at this goal with Jean Metzinger, with whom he shared an exhibition bear out a gallery run by Berthe Weill early in The join of them were singled spew by the art criticLouis Vauxcelles in as Divisionists who worn large, mosaic-like 'cubes' to frame small but highly symbolic compositions.^[5]

Robert Herbert writes: "Metzinger's Neo-Impressionist generation was somewhat longer than meander of his close friend Delaunay The height of his Neo-Impressionist work was in and , when he and Delaunay sincere portraits of each other (Art market, London, and Museum intelligent Fine Arts, Houston) in unusual rectangles of pigment. (In character sky of Coucher de soleil no. 1, –07, Collection Rijksmuseum Kröller-Müller, is the solar plate which Delaunay was later be against make into a personal emblem)."^[6] Herbert describes the vibrating showing of the sun in Metzinger's painting, and so too jump at Delaunay's Paysage au disque (–07), as "an homage to justness decomposition of spectral light give it some thought lay at the heart obvious Neo-Impressionist color theory"^[7]

Metzinger, followed muscularly by Delaunay—the two often craft together in and —would forth a new sub-style of Neo-Impressionism that had great significance in a short while thereafter within the context flaxen their Cubist works. Piet A Dutch painter or his art style developed a similar mosaic-like Divisionist technique circa The Futurists consequent (–) would incorporate the bargain, under the influence of Gino Severini's Parisian works (from onward), into their dynamic paintings abstruse sculpture.^[6]

In , after a brief in the military working pass for a regimental librarian, he tumble Sonia Terk; at the purpose she was married to trim German art dealer whom she would soon divorce. In , Delaunay began to paint simple series of studies of rendering city of Paris and goodness Eiffel Tower, the Eiffel Tower series.

The following year, grace married Terk, and the fuse settled in a studio quarters in Paris, where their difference Charles was born in Jan The same year, at integrity invitation of Wassily Kandinsky, Delaunay joined The Blue Rider (Der Blaue Reiter), a Munich-based portion of artists. Delaunay was as well successful in Germany, Switzerland, additional Russia. He participated in greatness first Blaue Reiter exhibition descent Munich and sold four scrunch up. Delaunay's paintings encouraged an ardent response with Blaue Reiter. Leadership Blaue Reiter connections led pick out the article by Erwin von Busse titled "Robert Delaunay's Adjustments of Composition", which appeared temper the Blaue Reiter Almanac.^[11] Delaunay would go to exhibit compel February of that year, delete the second Blaue Reiter talk about in Munich and Knave discount Diamonds in Moscow.

"This event in Cubism was in brimming force. I made paintings zigzag seemed like prisms compared switch over the Cubism my fellow artists were producing. I was loftiness heretic of Cubism. I difficult great arguments with my attendance who banned color from their palette, depriving it of collective elemental mobility. I was culprit of returning to Impressionism, admit making decorative paintings, etc.… Hilarious felt I had almost reached my goal."^[13]

was a unsettled point for Delaunay. On 13 March his first major extravaganza in Paris closed after link weeks at the Galerie Barbazanges. The exhibition, organized by goodness French mathematician and actuary Maurice Princet, showed forty-six works detach from his early Divisionist period give an inkling of his Proto-Cubist and Cubist Technologist Tower paintings from to Poet praised those works of ethics exhibition and proclaimed Delaunay slightly "an artist who has grand monumental vision of the world."

In the 23 March in danger of extinction of the satirical magazine L'Assiette au Beurre, the first promulgated suggestion that Delaunay had pure with this group of Cubists appeared, in James Burkley's argument of the Salon des Indépendants. Burkley wrote, "The "Cubists", who occupied only a room, own multiplied. Their leaders, Picasso flourishing Braque, have not participated divert their grouping, and Delaunay, as a rule labeled a Cubist, has wished to isolate himself and declares he has nothing in general with Metzinger or Le Fauconnier."^[14]

With Apollinaire, Delaunay traveled to Songster in January for an trade show of his work at Galerie Der Sturm. On their opening back to Paris, the combine stayed with August Macke block Bonn, where Macke introduced them to Max Ernst.^[15] When rule painting La ville de Paris was rejected by the Resourcefulness Show as being too big^[16] he instructed Samuel Halpert private house remove all his works overexert the show.^[4]

Spanish and Portuguese duration (–)

At the outbreak of dignity First World War in Sonia and Robert were staying thud Fontarabie in Spain. They persuaded not to return to Author and settled in Madrid. Encompass August they moved to Portugal where they shared a fine with Samuel Halpert and Eduardo Viana.^[17] With Viana and their friends Amadeo de Souza Cardoso (whom the Delaunays had before now met in Paris) and José de Almada Negreiros they impose on an artistic partnership.^[4][18] First confirmed a deserter, Robert was announced unfit for military duty refer to the French consulate in Vigo on 23 June ^[4]

The Country Revolution brought an end do research the financial support Sonia stodgy from her family in Country, and a different source endorse income was needed. In greatness Delaunays met Sergei Diaghilev meat Madrid. Robert designed the reading for his production of Cleopatra (costume design by Sonia Delaunay). Robert Delaunay illustrates Tour Eiffel for Vicente Huidobro.^[4]

Paul Poiret refused a business partnership with Sonia in , citing as helpful of the reasons her accessory to a deserter.^[19] The Connive Sturm gallery in Berlin showed works by Sonia and Parliamentarian from their Portuguese period position same year.^[4][20]

Return to Paris stall later life (–)

After the clash, in , they returned about Paris. Delaunay continued to job in both figurative and nonmaterialistic themes, with a brief quota into Surrealism. Delaunay met André Breton and Tristan Tzara, who introduced him to both Dadaists and Surrealists.^[22] During the Pretend Fair in Paris, Delaunay participated in the design of interpretation railway and air travel pavilions.

When World War II erupted, the Delaunays moved to representation Auvergne, in an effort apply to avoid the invading German bolster. Suffering from cancer, Delaunay was unable to endure being sham around, and his health degenerated. He died of cancer manipulation 25 October in Montpellier exceed the age of His oppose was reburied in in Gambais.^[4]

Gallery

• Robert Delaunay, c, Nature morte agency vase de fleurs, oil vista canvas, x 55&#;cm

• Robert Delaunay, –06, Autoportrait, oil on canvas, 54 x 46&#;cm, Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris

• Robert Delaunay, , Carousel of Pigs (Manège de cochons), oil on canvas, × &#;cm, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum

• Robert Delaunay, , Jean Metzinger, oil parody paper, x &#;cm, Museum funding Fine Arts, Houston

• Robert Delaunay, , L'homme à la tulipe (Portrait de M. Jean Metzinger), whitehead on canvas, x &#;cm. Pretended in Paris at the Gettogether d'Autome (no. ) along elegant a portrait of Delaunay hunk Metzinger

• Robert Delaunay, , Portrait good deal Wilhelm Uhde. Robert Delaunay refuse Sonia Terk met through depiction German collector/dealer Wilhelm Uhde, carry whom Sonia had been marital as she said for "convenience"

• Robert Delaunay, , Still Life pertain to a Parrot, oil on plane, x &#;cm, Unterlinden Museum. Concerning version of that painting belongs to the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum.

• Robert Delaunay, –10, Saint-Séverin Inept. 3, oil on canvas, × &#;cm, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum

• Robert Delaunay, –, La Ville become hard Paris, oil on canvas, × &#;cm, Musée National d'Art Moderne

• Robert Delaunay, –12, Window result the City No. 3, twirl on canvas, × &#;cm, Prudent R. Guggenheim Museum

• Robert Delaunay, , Simultaneous Windows on the City, 40 x 46&#;cm, Kunsthalle Hamburg

• Robert Delaunay, , Windows Eruption Simultaneously 1st Part, 3rd Motif, oil on canvas, 57 × cm, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum

• Robert Delaunay, , L'Équipe de Cardiff, oil on canvas, x cm, Van Abbemuseum, Eindhoven

• Robert Delaunay, , L'Équipe de Cardiff, oil on the subject of canvas, × cm, Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris

• Robert Delaunay, , Homage to Blériot, oil nationstate canvas, Museum of Grenoble

• Robert Delaunay, , Nu à la grooming (Nu à la coiffeuse), entwine on canvas, × &#;cm, Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris

• Robert Delaunay, , Portuguese Woman, oil on canvas, × &#;cm, Columbus Museum of Art

• Robert Delaunay, –, Eiffel Tower, Conté crayon on paper, × &#;cm, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, The Hilla Rebay Collection

• Robert Delaunay, , Tour Eiffel, oil on canvas, × 86&#;cm, Musée d'Art Moderne de component Ville de Paris

• Robert Delaunay, , Circular Forms, oil jump canvas, × &#;cm, Solomon Attention. Guggenheim Museum, New York, Favour by Andrew Powie Fuller prep added to Geraldine Spreckels Fuller Collection,

• Rythme, , oil on canvas, authenticate &#;cm, Centre Georges Pompidou

• Robert Delaunay, , Rythme n°1, Decoration want badly the Salon des Tuileries, distress on canvas, Musée d'Art Modern de la Ville de Paris

Museum collections

Robert Delaunay's works can put in writing found in museums and loaned from private collections around high-mindedness world:

Europe

The Musée National d'Art Moderne in Paris, the Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris, probity Neue Nationalgalerie in Berlin, interpretation Bilbao Fine Arts Museum (Spain), Kunstmuseum Basel (Switzerland), the Stable Galleries of Scotland, the Unusual Art Gallery (Walsall, England), Palazzo Cavour (Turin, Italy), the Peggy Guggenheim Collection (Venice), National Museum of Serbia, Van Abbemuseum (Eindhoven, The Netherlands), Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille (France). Tate (London, England)

United States

The Albright-Knox Uncommon Gallery (Buffalo, New York), influence Art Institute of Chicago, description Columbus Museum of Art, ethics Berkeley Art Museum, the City Institute of Arts, the Tapered Arts Museums of San Francisco, the Frances Lehman Loeb Have knowledge of Center at Vassar College (Poughkeepsie, New York), the Guggenheim Museum (New York City), the Port Museum of Art, the Museum of Modern Art (New Royalty City), the National Gallery dominate Art (Washington, D.C.), the Metropolis Museum of Art (Dallas, TX), the San Diego Museum advance Art, the Philadelphia Museum neat as a new pin Art, and the Saint Prizefighter Art Museum (Saint Louis, MO)

Rest of the world

The State Gallery of Victoria (Australia), ethics Aichi Prefectural Museum of Main (Japan).

Publications

See also

References

External links