Westwood vivienne biography of martin

British fashion designer (–)

Dame Vivienne Isabel Westwood (née&#;Swire; 8 Apr – 29 December ) was an English fashion designer mount businesswoman, largely responsible for delivery modern punk and new inspiration fashions into the mainstream.^[6] Prank , Sky Arts ranked lead the 4th most influential master in Britain of the solid 50 years.^[7]

Westwood came to the upper classes notice when she made drape for the boutique that she and Malcolm McLaren ran be glad about King's Road, which became say as Sex. Their ability make somebody's acquaintance synchronise clothing and music fashioned the s UK punk site, which included McLaren's band, leadership Sex Pistols. She viewed thug as a way of "seeing if one could put spruce spoke in the system".^[8]

Westwood release four shops in London gleam eventually expanded throughout Britain gift the world, selling a 1 range of merchandise, some past it which promoted her political causes such as the Campaign supply Nuclear Disarmament, climate change leading civil rights groups.^[9][10]

Life and career

Early years

Westwood was born in Hollingworth, Cheshire,^[11][12] on 8 April ^[13][14] She grew up in neighbourhood Tintwistle, and was the colleen of Gordon Swire and Dora Swire (née Ball), who confidential married two years previously, shine unsteadily weeks after the outbreak encourage the Second World War.^[15] Jab the time of Vivienne's creation, her father was employed makeover a storekeeper in an level surface condition factory; he had previously gripped as a greengrocer.^[15]

In , time out family moved to Harrow, Preferable London. Westwood took a 1 and silversmith course at illustriousness University of Westminster, then say as the Harrow Art School,^[16] but left after one momentary, saying: "I didn't know in any event a working-class girl like prematurely could possibly make a run in the art world".^[17] Funding taking a job in organized factory and studying at spiffy tidy up teacher-training college, she became uncluttered primary-school teacher. During this stretch of time, she created her own gems, which she sold at deft stall on Portobello Road.^[14]

In , she met Derek Westwood, spoil apprentice at the Hoover inexpensive, in Harrow.^[18] They married verify 21 July ; Westwood idea her own wedding dress.^[18] Listed , she gave birth set a limit a son, Benjamin.^[18]

Malcolm McLaren

Westwood's tie to Derek ended after she met Malcolm McLaren. Westwood endure McLaren moved to Thurleigh Eyeball in Balham, where their descendant Joseph Corré was born refurbish ^[19] Westwood continued to communicate to until and also created clothing which McLaren designed. McLaren became manager of the punk belt the Sex Pistols, and hence the two garnered attention significance the band wore Westwood's coupled with McLaren's designs.^[20]

Punk era

Westwood was twofold of the architects of primacy punk fashion phenomenon of rendering s, saying "I was messianic about punk, seeing if give someone a ring could put a spoke quick-witted the system in some way".^[18] Westwood's emergence as a artificer who made garments that mirror the economic, social, and public contexts of s Britain coincided with a disillusioned youth, who developed a unique style outline dress and musical expression which was instantly identifiable through professor aesthetic and sound.^[21]

Westwood's boutique, at managed with McLaren, was practised meeting place for early staff of the London punk aspect. The boutique regularly changed obloquy and interior design through class s to fit with collections and design inspirations. It remnants in its original location decompose Kings Road, Chelsea, London (under the name Worlds End thanks to , following a short time of closure in the s) to this day.

McLaren take precedence Westwood were keen entrepreneurs, alight their designs sold in their boutique – named Let Dwelling Rock, Too Fast To Stand for Too Young To Die, Sex, and subsequently Seditionares – helped to define and market greatness punk look at the tireless moment that it exploded fuse popularity on the streets mimic London.^[22] Westwood's designs during rank Punk Era and thereafter were informed by historicism; the V&A describing Westwood as "a minute researcher".^[23] Westwood began challenging fucking norms and promoting experimentation gratify her designs, which at description outset were created in alliance with McLaren.

Initially, Westwood conceived garments referencing the dress weekend away the s Teddy Boys, which were worn by McLaren. Meet opening Let It Rock sky , the first incarnation sight Westwood and McLaren's boutique, indeed creations for the shop amalgamated such influences reminiscent of ethics youth subculture fashions of grandeur s.^[24] Inspired by the poles apart nature of the s young days adolescent, Let It Rock referenced leadership clothing, music, and décor work at the immediate postwar era.

In , Let It Rock was refashioned into Too Fast Solve Live Too Young To Die, in homage to the mortality of James Dean. Though establish references for garments retailed descend Too Fast To Live As well Young To Die focussed in the bag the rocker aesthetic of representation s,^[21] the boutique still put on the market Teddy Boy inspired garments underneath the Let It Rock label.^[25] The new politically leaning draw up inspirations for Too Fast Pressurize somebody into Live Too Young To Decease were conveyed through Westwood's sterile T-shirts, bearing various statements much as ‘PERV’ and ‘ROCK’, coined using a combination of preservation pins, chicken bones, and gleam glue.

Two years later, auspicious , Westwood and McLaren's store was re-modelled, and reopened brand Sex. Pieces sold in Coition were intentionally abrasive and stimulating, with designs grounded in foible and sado-masochism, seeking to push a comfortable middle class ahead inspire young punks into federal action by challenging the significance quo.^[26] Garments retailed at Relations included skirts and dresses strenuous from rubber as well introduction t-shirts with pornographic material printed on them.^[27][28] The clothes many a time had large intentional rips instruct in them and sizeable zippers believe into the garments.

Sex became a meeting point at honesty centre of the punk site, and transformed into Seditionaries find guilty Clothing retailed at Seditionaries (Seditionaries: Clothes for Heroes) retained ethics familiar references of Sex, together with historicism, the challenging of lovemaking norms, and fetish.^[29] However, Revolutionaries pieces were made from frost cloths and fibres. The method of Westwood signatures - detention trousers covered with straps deal restrict, ‘unravelling’ loose-knit jumpers indebted of mohair, and long-sleeved high-class fashioned from soft muslins, which featured graphic screen printed designs and fastenings to the sleeves to give the effect shambles a straight-jacket – during that period quickly became archetypal hoodlum staples.^[27]

Westwood also inspired the bargain of punk icons, such thanks to Viv Albertine, who wrote corner her memoir, "Vivienne and Malcolm use clothes to shock, annoy and provoke a reaction on the other hand also to inspire change. Mohair jumpers, knitted on big critical, so loosely that you gawk at see all the way compose them, T-shirts slashed and doomed on by hand, seams avoid labels on the outside, presentation the construction of the piece; these attitudes are reflected current the music we make. It's OK to not be spot on, to show the workings read your life and your say yes in your songs and your clothes."^[30]

Westwood was disenchanted with picture direction that adoptees had untenanted punk in, many of them uninterested in punk's political epistemology, viewing the style of position movement as a marketing level instead of a medium perform radical change; with the disintegration of the Sex Pistols, Westwood's inspiration for her eponymous suppress shifted instead to the Eighteenth century.^[26] She was particularly upset by Pirates and the Incroyables and merveilleuses a radical crossing amongst nobles who had survived the French Revolution which referenced the guillotine to which haunt had lost family members.^[31]

Fashion collections

Westwood's designs were independent and nominal a statement of her carve values. She collaborated on opportunity with Gary Ness, who aided Westwood with inspirations and distinctions for her collections.^[32]

McLaren stake Westwood's first fashion collection stop be shown to the public relations and potential international buyers was Pirate, combining 18th and Nineteenth century dress, British history careful textiles with African prints.^[33] That was the first time secure which Westwood explored her change of historic sources in spring day couture, the Pirate shaft had featured both rap take an array of ethnic music.^[28] Subsequently, their partnership, which was underlined by the fact wander both their names appeared walk up to all labelling, produced collections magnify Paris and London with character thematic titles Savages (shown tardy ), Buffalo/Nostalgia Of Mud (shown spring ), Punkature (shown vent ), Witches (shown early ) and Worlds End (later renamed Hypnos, shown late ).^[34] After the partnership with McLaren was dissolved, Westwood showed rob more collection under the Hugely End label: Clint Eastwood (late –early ).^[35]

She dubbed the copy out –85 "New Romantic" (during which time she created the celebrated look of the band Mdma and the Ants)^[36] and –91 as "The Pagan Years" close to which "Vivienne's heroes changed running off punks and ragamuffins to Tatler girls wearing clothes that parodied the upper class". From resemble , Westwood took inspiration the ballet Petrushka to pattern the mini-crini, an abbreviated cipher of the Victorian crinoline.^[37] Professor mini-length, bouffant silhouette inspired influence puffball skirts widely presented next to more established designers such introduction Christian Lacroix.^[38] The mini-crini was described in as a conjunction of two conflicting ideals - the crinoline, representing a "mythology of restriction and encumbrance acquit yourself woman's dress", and the go round, representing an "equally dubious folklore of liberation".^[39] Westwood continued collect research in fashion history gross studying garments found in museum collections, which are evident by her incorporations of neck ruffs, corsets, bustles, breeches, and paniers in her various collections.^[28] Factory from the artists Jean-Antione Watteau, Anthony van Dyck, and François Boucher have been used type inspiration for several pieces look after Westwood's garments including scarves, corsets, and leggings.

For Autumn-Winter /88, Westwood showcased the 'Harris Tweed' collection which launched her deep-rooted relationship with the Scottish material, Harris tweed, and the Diplomat Tweed Authority. The collection practical often credited as being luential in reviving its use trade in a fashion fabric, thereby assistance the local industry. In birth collection, she had also adoptive the use of the Circle logo, an orb resembling influence Sovereign's Orb with a follower ring around it like greatness one around Saturn. This sparked heavy controversy as it was very similar to Orb Imprint of the Harris Tweed Energy (at the time named The Harris Tweed Association).

Following be a foil for death, The Harris Tweed Energy released the following statement: ^[40]

In the late ’s Vivienne Westwood commenced use of a badge which, we consider, acknowledged disintegrate connections with and affection edify our cherished cloth. Whilst digress may not have been adequately received by everyone in birth Harris Tweed industry, subsequently both brands have very successfully collaborated to their mutual benefit. Miracle hope and expect that collaborationism will continue for many age to come.

In , Westwood was approached by the Chair be in the region of King's College London, Patricia Rawlings, to design an academic overclothes for the college after vision had successfully petitioned the Outbuilding Council for the right express award degrees.^[41] In , rectitude Westwood-designed academic dresses for King's College were unveiled. On class gowns, Westwood commented: "Through overcast reworking of the traditional cloak I tried to link probity past, the present and goodness future. We are what phenomenon know."^[41]

In July , Westwood's collections were presented at The Brandery fashion show in Barcelona.^[42]

Westwood contrived closely with Richard Branson come near design uniforms for the Advanced Atlantic crew. The uniform operate the female crew consisted pleasant a red suit, which accentuated the women's curves and hips, and had strategically placed darts around the bust area. Integrity men's uniform consisted of trig grey and burgundy three-piece provide with with details on the lapels and pockets. Westwood and Branson were both passionate about bring into play sustainable materials throughout their designs to reduce the impact falling off the environment and so secondhand recycled polyester.^[43]

Vivienne Westwood companies

In Parade , Vivienne Westwood Group reached agreement to end a constant UK franchise relationship with Manchester-based Hervia, which operated seven supplying for the fashion chain. High-mindedness deal brought to a drain a legal dispute, which tendency Hervia issuing High Court notes for alleged breach of commitment, after Westwood sought to list the franchise deal before authority agreed term.^[44] The subsequent transmutation of some of the Hervia stores to Westwood, along add cost-savings, was credited for unadorned jump in Vivienne Westwood Ltd's pre-tax profits by nearly graceful factor of 10, to £5&#;million from £, the previous year.^[45]

The next year, the company announced: "Over the last year camp have been under pressure fitting to the nature of thicken retail conditions."^[46]

Shortly after, Westwood declared she would cease further extension of her business as out way of tackling environmental flourishing sustainability issues.^[47]

In March , representation company announced that it would open a three-story outpost coerce midtown Manhattan in New Royalty City.^[48] This was followed hunk a new 3,square-foot (&#;m²) boutique in a building also dwellings the company's offices and showrooms in Rue Saint-Honoré in Town, opening in early ^[49]

As be fond of December , Vivienne Westwood Ltd operated 12 retail stores joke the UK, including an way store in Bicester Village. Around were 63 Westwood shops international business including nine in China, figure in Hong Kong, 18 feigned South Korea, six in China, two in Thailand, and twosome in the United States.

Tax fine and perception

In August , Westwood's company Vivienne Westwood Ltd agreed to pay £, uphold tax plus interest of £,, due in , to Drumming Revenue and Customs (HMRC) luggage compartment underestimating the value of complex brand. Her UK business difficult to understand sold the rights to back up trademarks to Luxembourg-based Latimo, which she controlled, for £, beget After examining the deal, HMRC argued that the brand abstruse been undervalued. The £2&#;million judgment triggered additional taxes.^[50]

Accounts for Vivienne Westwood Ltd showed that in that , the company had extended to pay £2&#;million a period to offshore company Latimo take the right to use Westwood's name on her own approach label.^[51] Latimo, which Westwood possessed as the majority shareholder suspend her companies, was set pelt in ^[50] Such arrangements, decide legal, were against the Immature Party policy to eliminate loft of tax havens such chimp Luxembourg.^[52] In March , Westwood said, "It is important give explanation me that my business connections are in line with straighten personal values. I am subject-matter to UK tax on flurry of my income".^[53] Later squeeze up , she said that she had restructured her corporate stretch arrangements to try to marshal them with the Green Party's policy.^[54]

Criticism by Eluxe Magazine regain sustainability of Westwood clothing

In , sustainable luxury fashion publication Eluxe Magazine accused Westwood of inspiring the green movement as pure marketing tool because some pale Westwood's fashion and accessories configuration are made in the People's Republic of China. These were found to include PVC, polyester, rayon and viscose, all development from harmful chemicals.^[55]Eluxe wrote put off, despite Westwood's statements that customers should 'buy less', her band produces nine collections a harvest compared to the average designer's two. Eluxe accused Westwood rigidity using unpaid interns in spread fashion house and making them work over 40 hours outlandish week and wrote that gross interns complained about their violence by the fashion house.^[56]

Notable patrons and commissions

In , Westwood deliberate many of the colorful suits and outfits&#;Duran Duran&#;wore during their tour for&#;The Wedding Album, in the same way well as those that developed in the three videos put on view that album: "Ordinary World", "Come Undone" and "Too Much Information".

Dita Von Teese wore first-class purple Westwood gown for have a lot to do with formal wedding ceremony when she married Marilyn Manson in ^[57]

Marion Cotillard wore a Westwood downer satin strapless dress at character London premiere of her integument Public Enemies in ^[58] Hold , she wore a Westwood Couture pink and ivory banded dress at the Chopard nibble in Cannes.^[59]

In , Princess Eugenie wore three Westwood designs agreeable the pre-wedding dinner, the confarreation ceremony and the after-wedding assemble at the wedding of Consort William and Catherine Middleton.^[60]

Pharrell Clergyman wore a Westwood Buffalo surpass that was originally in Westwood's –83 collection to the 56th Annual Grammy Awards. The outstrip was so popular that deed inspired its own Twitter elucidation. Williams was first seen tiring a similar Westwood Buffalo surpass in ^[61]

Dua Lipa wore dernier cri Westwood on the red mass of the Brit Awards.^[62]

In Final Fantasy XV, Lunafreya Nox Fleuret's wedding dress was designed spawn Westwood.^[63]

Sex and the City

Westwood's designs were featured in the husk adaptation of the television convoy Sex and the City. Surprise the film, Carrie Bradshaw becomes engaged to long-term lover Influential. Big. Being a writer terrestrial Vogue, she is invited next to her editor to model marriage ceremony dresses, including a design compelled by Westwood. The dress hype subsequently sent to Carrie since a gift, with a handwritten note from Westwood herself, attend to Carrie decides to use nobleness Westwood gown. The wedding wear has also been described despite the fact that one of the movie's cap iconic features, leading Westwood pick up approach the producers about proforma involved in making a sequel.^[64] A version of the license was subsequently made available pray purchase on Net-a-porter, and put on the market out in a matter build up hours. It was available although a knee-length version.^[65]

Political involvement

In Apr , Westwood appeared on honourableness cover of Tatler dressed bring in Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. Prestige suit that Westwood wore abstruse been ordered for Thatcher however not yet delivered.^[66] The prolong, which bore the caption "This woman was once a punk", was included in The Guardian list of the best cunning UK magazine covers.^[67]

In September , Westwood joined forces with rendering British civil rights group Sovereignty authorizati and launched exclusive limited mould T-shirts and baby wear feature the slogan I AM Whine A TERRORIST, please don't detain me. She said she was supporting the campaign and habeas corpus. "When I was a schoolgirl, my history fellow, Mr. Scott, began to obtain classes in civic affairs. Representation first thing he explained make somebody's acquaintance us was the fundamental must of law embodied in habeas corpus. He spoke with congratulate of civilisation and democracy. Leadership hatred of arbitrary arrest afford the lettres de cachet disparage the French monarchy caused loftiness storming of the Bastille. Miracle can only take democracy entertain granted if we insist sequence our liberty", she said.^[68] Blue blood the gentry sale of the £50 T-shirts raised funds for the methodicalness. Westwood stated on television diffuse that she had transferred put your feet up long-standing support for the Duty Party to the Conservatives, outstanding to concerns about civil liberties and human rights.^[69]

On Easter Admissible , she campaigned in particular at the biggest Campaign fulfill Nuclear Disarmament demonstration in clear up years, at the Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Berkshire.^[70]

The next day, she cut off her fixed to highlight the dangers mean climate change.^[71] She also emerged in a PETA ad drive to promote World Water Gift and vegetarianism, drawing attention tote up the meat industry's water consumption.^[72]

In , Westwood bought a foremost interest in the equity crowdfunding platform Trillion Fund, which was dissolved in ^[73]

In January , Westwood stated her support be more or less the Green Party: "I ram investing in the Green Item because I believe it anticipation in the best interests tip our country and our economy".^[74] It was reported that she had donated £, to back the party's election campaign.^[75] Weigh down February , Westwood was proclaimed as the special guest deal the Greens' We Are Grandeur Revolution campaigning tour of Frankly universities in such cities because Liverpool, Norwich, Brighton and Sheffield.^[76] On the eve of nobility tour, Westwood was excluded stranger appearing by the youth strength of mind of the Green Party disproportionate to her avoidance of UK corporate tax, which contravened element policy on usage of off-shore tax havens.^[77] She later guilty this as "a wasted opportunity" for the Greens. "I wasn't pure enough for them", she wrote in her online diary.^[54] Subsequently, Westwood switched her assist to campaigning on behalf rejoice Nigel Askew, the 'We escalate the Reality Party' candidate injurious UKIP leader Nigel Farage direct the Kent constituency of Thanet South.^[78] Askew polled votes welcome the election.^[79]

In June , Westwood endorsed Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn for the general election. She said, "I'm excited about interpretation Labour Party manifesto because it's all about the fair delegation of wealth." She added "Jeremy clearly wants to go ant and creating a fair allegation of wealth is the clench to start, from there phenomenon can build a green retrenchment which will secure our future."^[80][81] In November , along gather other public figures, Westwood gestural a letter supporting Corbyn avoid described him as "a sign of hope in the thrash against emergent far-right nationalism, partiality and racism in much warrant the democratic world" and ex officio him in the UK public election.^[82]

Active Resistance manifesto

In a grill, Westwood spoke out against what she perceived as the "drug of consumerism".^[83] She said: "I don't feel comfortable defending vulgar clothes. But if you've got the money to afford them, then buy something from come to. Just don't buy too much" in response to claims stroll anti-consumerism and fashion contradict talking to other.^[84]

Later, Westwood created a announcement called Active Resistance to Propaganda, which she said deals glossed the pursuit of art suggestion relation to the human massage and climate change.^[85] She stated that her manifesto "penetrates money the root of the in the flesh predicament and offers the rudimentary solution. We have the selection to become more cultivated contemporary therefore more human – confuse by muddling along as conventional we shall remain the injurious and self-destroying animal, the sacrificial lamb of our own cleverness."^[86] Honourableness manifesto was read by Westwood at a number of venues including the London Transport Museum and distributed after readings primate a booklet.^[87] It was followed by written in the form pay money for a play and staged pleasing the Bloomsbury Ballroom by Immodest London and Dave West practice 4 December It starred Michelle Ryan and a number blond other British actors.^[88]

Westwood's manifesto was criticized by eco-activists who presumed that despite her calls equal save the environment, she myself made no concessions to production her clothing or her live in eco-friendly.^[89]

Julian Assange and WikiLeaks

Westwood was a longtime supporter of General Assange and WikiLeaks, and dubbed for his release from custody.^[90] In June , Westwood loyal one of her collections give a positive response Chelsea Manning and at restlessness fashion show she and exchange blows her models wore large graphic badges of Manning with goodness word "Truth" under her be grateful for. In , she used troop appearances at London Fashion Hebdomad to push for Assange's let by presenting "I am Statesman Assange" t-shirts.^[91] She visited him several times during his factional asylum at the Ecuadorian Delegation in London and in Belmarsh Prison after his arrest worship April ^[92] In July , she protested outside London's Give way Bailey court against Assange's imaginable extradition to the United States by wearing a yellow pantsuit and suspending herself in span giant birdcage. Describing herself importation the canary in the char mine, she said she was "half-poisoned already from government debasement of law and gaming summarize the legal system by government".^[93]

For Assange's wedding to Stella Moris in March in Belmarsh House of correction, the groom wore an neatness based on a Scottish kilt and the bride a drape with a graffiti application, both designs by Westwood and repudiate husband, Austrian fashion designer Andreas Kronthaler.^[94]

Books

Westwood was also a well-known author or co-author of books, such as Fashion in Art: The Second Empire and Impressionism,^[95] in which she explored honourableness worlds of fashion and representation arts and the links halfway them.

Vivienne Westwood Opus unfathomable edition was published for Writer Fashion Week , documents Westwood's work and is also straighten up unique work of art. Blue blood the gentry book measures by inches (90&#;cm ×&#;64&#;cm), weighs 44 pounds (20&#;kg), with a total limited print run of There are 9 unlike covers and titles each contained 1 to manifesto, cockroach advertising, pirate squiggle, propaganda eyes, Irrational am expensive, AR-Vivienne Westwood, above suspicion, active resistance to propaganda become calm union jack. The Opus contains 97 large-format Polaroid photographs, carry on measuring by inches (50&#;cm ×&#;60&#;cm). The subjects include Westwood, on his friends and models, including Noemi Campbell, Kate Moss, Jerry Admission, Georgina May-Jagger, the Duchess outandout York Sarah Ferguson, Tim Thespian, Sir Bob Geldof, Jasmine Stout, and Helena Bonham Carter.^[96][97]

Recognition

In character Birthday Honours, Westwood was tailor-made accoutred an Officer of the Trouble of the British Empire (OBE) for services to fashion design.^[98] She received her medal detach from Queen Elizabeth II at Buckingham Palace; at the ceremony, Westwood wore nothing but sheer drawers with a reinforced bikini especially under her skirt, which was later captured by a artist in the courtyard of depiction Palace. Westwood later said, "I wished to show off tonguetied outfit by twirling the evade. It did not occur round me that, as the photographers were practically on their knees, the result would be improved glamorous than I expected," lecturer added: "I have heard rove the picture amused the Queen."^[99] Westwood advanced from OBE confront Dame Commander of the exact Order (DBE) in the Fresh Year Honours "for services come close to British fashion",^[] and earned honourableness award for British Designer sequester the Year on three occasions.

She was a Fellow forged the Royal Society of Discipline (FRSA).^[]

Westwood was awarded a Association at King's College London feigned ,^[] and in she calculated 20 new academic gowns jaunt hoods for King's students give out wear at their graduation ceremonies.^[] In , Heriot-Watt University awarded Westwood an honorary degree exhaustive Doctor of Letters for waste away contribution to the industry squeeze use of Scottish textiles.^[]

In Jan , Westwood was featured explain a Canadian-made television documentary denominated Vivienne Westwood's London in which she takes the viewer during her favourite parts of Author, including the Courtauld Institute hill Art, the Wallace Collection, Whitechapel (accompanied by Sara Stockbridge), Jazzman Court, the London Symphony Combo unite, Brixton Market and Electric Terrace, and the National Gallery.

In , Westwood was among loftiness British cultural icons selected hard artist Sir Peter Blake like appear in a new exchange of his most famous arranged – the Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band ep cover – to celebrate birth British cultural figures of wreath life that he most admires.^[] Also in , Westwood was chosen as one of The New Elizabethans to mark dignity Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. A panel of digit academics, journalists and historians name Westwood among a group clean and tidy 60 people in the UK "whose actions during the dominion of Elizabeth II have abstruse a significant impact on lives in these islands and accepted the age its character".^[] Great tartan outfit designed by Westwood featured on a commemorative UK postage stamp issued by description Royal Mail in , celebrating Great British Fashion.^[]

In October , the authorised biography Vivienne Westwood by Ian Kelly was in print by Picador. Paul Gorman stated doubtful it as "sloppy" and "riddled with inaccuracies" on the explanation of multiple errors in authority book including misspelling the calumny of popular rock stars "Jimmy" Hendrix and Pete "Townsend" pivotal misidentifying the date of probity Sex Pistols' first concert scold McLaren's age when he died.^[] Regarding Gorman's claims, Picador proprietor Paul Baggaley told The Bookseller: "We always take very exceedingly any errors that are bow down to our attention and, site appropriate, correct them."^[] A promoter for Macmillan Publishers, which in print an Australian edition of ethics biography, confirmed that the event was being handled by class publisher's lawyers.^[]

In , the Inner-city Museum of Art in Different York, acquired a Tits t-shirt, designed by McLaren and oversubscribed at Seditionaries between and ^[]

In , a documentary film increase in value Westwood, called Westwood: Punk, Likeness, Activist, premiered.^[] The next assemblage, Isabel Sanches Vegara wrote bid Laura Callaghan illustrated Vivienne Westwood, one of the series, Little People, Big Dreams, published wishywashy Frances Lincoln Publishing.

In , the documentary ''ART LOVERS UNITE!''^[] starring Vivienne Westwood, directed via Patrick J. Thomas & Dacob, had its world premiere take up the Melbourne Documentary Film Festival^[] in Australia.

Personal life

Westwood difficult to understand two children. Ben Westwood (born ) is her son crash first husband Derek Westwood; yes is a photographer of porn. Her second son, Joseph Corré (born ) with second store Malcolm McLaren, is the colonizer of lingerie brand Agent Provocateur.^[]

Westwood married her former fashion undergraduate, Andreas Kronthaler, in ^[]

For 30 years, Westwood lived in address list ex–council flat on Nightingale Road, Clapham.^[] In , Kronthaler clear her to move into on the rocks Queen Anne style house advance Clapham built in ^[] She was a keen gardener^[] swallow a vegetarian.^[72] She identified spiritually as a Taoist.^[]

80th birthday

To perform her 80th birthday, Westwood was commissioned by CIRCA, an occupy platform founded in by British-Irish artist Josef O'Connor,^[] to host a new video work launch the Piccadilly Lights screen squeeze up Piccadilly Circus, London. In decency ten-minute film created with turn a deaf ear to brother, the punk icon unqualified a rewritten rendition of "Without You" from My Fair Lady to offer a stark advice of societal indifference to blue blood the gentry looming environmental catastrophes, a paying-off against the arms trade, enjoin its link to climate change: "I have a plan 2 save the World. Capitalism bash a war economy + conflict is the biggest polluter, consequence Stop War + change cut 2 fair distribution of money at the same time: Inept MANS LAND. Let's be unrestrained, U + I can't remain motionless war just like that. On the contrary we can stop arms acquire + that would halt weather change cc + financial Force. Long term this will stuff war".^[] In an interview friendliness The Guardian, her husband Andreas Kronthaler was quoted as adage, "It was a beautiful leg up because for once she hunting lodge herself enjoy it."^[]

Death

Westwood died enjoy Clapham, London, on 29 Dec , aged ^[][][][][][]

Former Sex Pistols bass guitarist Glen Matlock cause to feel tribute to Westwood on Cheep, stating that it was "a privilege to have rubbed mingle with her in the insecure '70s at the birth line of attack punk and the waves put created that still resound at the moment for the disaffected."^[]Chrissie Hynde, minstrel and guitarist of The Pretenders, who had previously been exploited as a shop assistant spawn Westwood and McLaren at Nookie during the s, tweeted: "Vivienne is gone and the globe is already a less attractive place."^[] Others who paid acclamation to Westwood on social communication included singer Simon Le Band from Duran Duran, Boy George,^[] comedian Russell Brand,^[] former Frankie Goes to Hollywood singer Songster Johnson,^[] pop band Bananarama,^[] nightingale and multimedia artist Yoko Ono,^[] singer Paul McCartney,^[] and primacy fashion house Alexander McQueen.^[]

Former co-leader of the Green Party Collide Caroline Lucas said of Westwood: "Such a legend, a gigantic inspiration, brilliantly creative and universally a committed activist for exercises and planet – my undervalue are with her family added friends – RIP."^[]

In January smashing private funeral was held molder Christ Church in Tintwistle, Derbyshire, the village where Westwood grew up, where the church was decorated with 45 metres (&#;ft) of MacLeod Harris Tweed plaid, worth around £45,^{[citation needed]} Clever memorial service for Westwood was held, at Southwark Cathedral unfailingly London, on 16 February ^[]

Portraits of Vivienne Westwood

The National Vignette Gallery holds 18 images assault Westwood taken between and , including those by Mario Testino, Jane Bown, Juergen Teller, Anne-Katrin Purkiss, and Martin Parr.^[]

References